The eye is one of the most delicate organs in the body. It is susceptible to disease, infection and, if you don’t get proper care, degeneration. Below is a list of some of the most common eye problems Dr. McGlothan sees in his patients. If you experience any of these problems, it is essential that you contact Dr. McGlothan today for an examination and to discuss your treatment options.
What is a cataract?
A cataract is a clouding of the normally clear lens of the eye. The lens focuses light rays on the retina at the back of the eye to produce a sharp image of what we see. When the lens becomes cloudy, the light rays cannot pass easily through it, and the image becomes blurry.
Cataracts usually develop as part of the aging process, but they can also come from:
- Eye injuries
- Certain diseases
- Medications
- Genetic inheritance
- How can a Cataract be Treated?
The cataract may need no treatment at all if the vision is only a little blurry. A change in your eyeglass prescription may improve vision for a while.
There are no medications, eye drops, exercises, or glasses that will cause cataracts to disappear once they have formed. When you are not able to see well enough to do the things you like to do, cataract surgery should be considered. Surgery is the only way to remove a cataract.
Cataracts cannot be removed with a laser, only through a surgical incision. In cataract surgery, the cloudy lens is removed from the eye. In most cases, the focusing power of the natural lens is restored by replacing it with a permanent intraocular lens implant.
Before Surgery
When you and your ophthalmologist (eye doctor) have decided that you will have your cataract removed, be sure to mention any special medical risks you may have. Ask your eye doctor if you should continue your usual medications.
Your eye will be measured to determine the proper power of the intraocular lens that will be placed in your eye during surgery.
The Day of Surgery
Surgery is usually done on an outpatient basis. You may be asked to skip breakfast, depending on the time of your surgery. Upon arrival for surgery, you will be given eyedrops, and perhaps medications to help you relax.
A local anesthetic will make the operation painless. Though you may see light and movement, you will not be able to see the surgery while it is happening and will not have to worry about keeping your eye open or closed.
The skin around your eye will be thoroughly cleansed, and sterile coverings will be placed around your head. When the operation is over, the surgeon will often place a shield over your eye.
After a short stay in the outpatient recovery area, you will be ready to go home. You should plan to have someone else drive you home.
Following Surgery
You will need to:
- Use the eyedrops as prescribed
- Be careful not to rub or press on your eye
- Use over-the-counter pain medicine, if necessary
- Avoid very strenuous activities until the eye has healed
- Continue normal daily activities and moderate exercise
- Ask you doctor when you can begin driving
- Wear eyeglasses or shield as advised by your doctor
How is the Surgery Done?
Under an operating microscope, a small incision is made into the eye. Microsurgical instruments are used to fragment and suction the cloudy lens from the eye. The back membrane of the lens (called the posterior capsule) is left in place.
A plastic intraocular lens implant will be placed inside the eye to replace the natural lens that was removed.
When is the Laser used?
The posterior capsule sometimes turns cloudy several months or years after the original cataract operation. If this blurs your vision, a clear opening can be made painlessly in the center of the membrane with a laser. Laser surgery is never part of the original cataract operation.
Will Cataract Surgery Improve my Vision?
Over 95% of cataract surgeries improve vision, but a small number of patients may have problems.
Complications
Infection, bleeding and swelling, or detachment of the retina are some of the more serious complications that may affect your vision.
Call you eye doctor immediately if you have any of the following symptoms after surgery:
- Pain not relieved by non-prescription pain medication
- Loss of vision
- Nausea, vomiting, or excessive coughing
- Injury to the eye
- Swelling of the eyelids
Pre-existing conditions
Even if the surgery itself is successful, the eye may still not see as well as you would like. Other problems with the eye, such as macular degeneration (aging of the retina), glaucoma, and diabetic damage may limit vision after surgery. Even with such problems, cataract surgery may still be worthwhile.
If the eye is healthy, the chances are excellent that you will have good vision following removal of your cataract.
Glaucoma is a degenerative eye disease caused by damage to or excessive pressure on the optic nerve. Although nearly 3 million Americans suffer from this disease, only half of them know it. This year alone, 5,000 people will go blind from glaucoma! Treatable when caught early, glaucoma has no warning signs and affects peripheral vision first—meaning you could have “perfect” 20/20 vision but still have glaucoma. Risk factors include: being over the age of 60; having a relative with glaucoma; being of African descent AND over the age of 40; and having diabetes. To protect your vision, it’s crucial to get tested early and regularly. Contact us today for details.
Diabetes is one of the most common culprits of eye problems here in the United States. Diabetes, which causes changes in blood vessels, can cause fluid to leak into the eye and can even induce inner-eye bleeding. This damage can eventually cause irreversible vision loss and blindness if not treated. Luckily, however, if caught early, diabetic eye disease can be treated with laser therapy. With proper check-ups, preventative care, and appropriate treatment, extensive damage can be avoided. To learn more about diabetic eye disease, please contact us today.
Macular degeneration—also called age-related macular degeneration—is an eye disease that gradually destroys central vision. It is caused by breakdown of the macula (a tiny part of the retina). Symptoms include blurred vision, seeing wavy lines where straight lines actually exist, impaired color vision, and difficulty seeing details (whether close-up or far away). Macular degeneration can ultimately lead to blindness if left untreated. Be proactive about your vision: contact us today to learn more.
Sometimes called “surfer’s eye,” pterygium is a degenerative eye condition resulting from excessive exposure to ultraviolet light. In its early stages, pterygium causes reddening of the surface of the eye, but if untreated, it results in a fleshy growth on the eye’s surface that can grow large enough to obstruct vision. Although pterygium can be removed via tissue grafting, anti-metabolite medications, and radiation treatment, patients run a high risk of recurrence. In this case, the best care is preventative care—wear protective sunglasses and see us regularly for examinations. To learn more about pterygium, please contact us today.
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It is imperative that you take good care of your eyes—after all, they can’t be replaced! That means that getting regular eye examinations and seeing us if you have any type of eye problem are essential to maintaining eye health. If you suffer from styes, red eyes, drooping eyelids, flashers, floaters, halos, impaired night vision, excessively dry eyes, or any other abnormality, please don’t hesitate to contact us today.
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